Vitiligo Skin Vitiligo Cream

Vitiligo skin

        The care of patients includes protection against the sun as well as medical and surgical repigmentation. Medical treatment consists of an irradiation by UVB narrow spectrum, wide spectrum of psoralen combined with UVA in taking corticosteroids, and other new approaches. Surgical treatment - methods of autologous transplantation - is generally recommended for focal stable vitiligo when medical treatment has proved ineffective. Finally, in patients with large areas of vitiligo, depigmentation of the residual melanin should be considered. Melanin is a dark pigment (of skin) produced by melanocytes, is responsible for skin color. It is mainly genetics (as well as sun exposure), which dictates the amount of melanin in the skin. Albinism is a disorder of pigmentation. Unlike vitiligo, it is present from birth and leads to a general lack of melanin in the skin, hair, hair and eyes.

Types of Vitiligo

        There are two types of vitiligo:

1. Segmental vitiligo located unilaterally on an area of the face, upper body, legs or arms, which generally does not.
2. Generalized vitiligo that has often bilateral spots more or less symmetrical on areas of friction or pressure repeated and that may become more important over the years.

Vitiligo evolution and complications

        In rare cases the plates disappear by themselves. People with vitiligo have an increased risk of developing cancer of the skin, because the depigmented areas are no longer barriers to direct sunlight. These people also have a greater likelihood of developing other autoimmune diseases.
The color depends in part on the production of melanin by melanocytes and its distribution in the epidermal cells. These pigments are used to protect melanoma epidermis and deep layers of the skin from external aggressions, especially the action of ultraviolet rays. Melanin is synthesized by melanocytes, cells located in the deepest layer of the epidermis. The quality of melanin and its quantity is crucial for color. The gradual disappearance of melanocytes reservoirs of the skin (epidermis) and hair follicles (follicular) is the cause of discoloration of the skin.

        The autoimmune origin is the most accepted, but it is only a hypothesis. Proposed long because of the frequent association of vitiligo with other autoimmune diseases, it received strong arguments after immunotherapy clinical and histological studies. In general, autoimmune diseases in the defense system attacks the cells of the body itself as if it were foreign. Self-immunity is probably involved in some vitiligos extensive but not in all vitiligos. The current trend (convergent theory) is that this melanocyte disappearance could be due to causes vary from person to person. The accumulation of neurotransmitters or their mass release at a psycho-emotional stress may promote the loss of melanocytes (theory nerve). Similarly, accumulation of free radicals could be harmful to melanocytes (toxic theory). The same is true of circulating antibodies which exist in the autoimmune disease (autoimmune theory). There is initially a melanoma fragility of genetic origin shortage for vitiligo appears. The occurrence during the life of psycho-emotional stress of autoimmune disease, accumulation of free radicals play a role of triggering factor for vitiligo. The microtrauma exerted on the skin play a significant role.